In programming, we often need to perform operations on values.

Examples:

• Add two numbers

• Compare values

• Check multiple conditions

• Update a variable value

JavaScript provides operators to perform these actions.

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What Are Operators?

An operator is a symbol used to perform operations on values or variables.

Example:

let result = 5 + 3;

Here:

• 5 and 3 are operands

• + is the operator

Output:

8

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Types of Operators in JavaScript

Common categories of operators include:

Category	Examples
Arithmetic	+ - * / %
Comparison	== === != > <
Logical	&&
Assignment	= += -=

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Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used for basic mathematical calculations.

Operator	Meaning	Example
+	Addition	5 + 2
-	Subtraction	5 - 2
*	Multiplication	5 * 2
/	Division	10 / 2
%	Modulus (remainder)	10 % 3

Example:

let a = 10;
let b = 3;

console.log(a + b);
console.log(a - b);
console.log(a * b);
console.log(a / b);
console.log(a % b);

Output

13
7
30
3.333
1

The % operator returns the remainder of a division.

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Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values.

They return a boolean result (true or false).

Operator	Meaning
==	Equal to
===	Strict equal
!=	Not equal
>	Greater than
<	Less than

Example:

let a = 10;
let b = 5;

console.log(a > b);
console.log(a < b);

Output

true
false

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Difference Between == and ===

This is one of the most important concepts for beginners.

Example:

console.log(5 == "5");

Output

true

== converts values before comparing.

Now with strict comparison:

console.log(5 === "5");

Output

false

=== checks both value and type.

Operator	Behavior
==	compares values only
===	compares value and type

Because of this, developers usually prefer ===.

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Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditions.

Operator	Meaning
&&	AND
!	NOT

Example:

let age = 20;
let hasID = true;

console.log(age >= 18 && hasID);

Output

true

Both conditions must be true for &&.

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Logical Operator Truth Table

4

Basic behavior:

| A | B | A && B | A || B | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | true | true | true | true | | true | false | false | true | | false | true | false | true | | false | false | false | false |

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Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to variables.

Operator	Example
=	x = 10
+=	x += 5
-=	x -= 5

Example:

let x = 10;

x += 5;

console.log(x);

Output

15

Another example:

let y = 20;

y -= 5;

console.log(y);

Output

15

These operators help update values easily.

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Practical Example

let a = 10;
let b = 5;

console.log(a + b);
console.log(a > b);
console.log(a === 10);

Output

15
true
true

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Practice Assignment

1 Perform Arithmetic Operations

Create two numbers and perform:

• addition

• subtraction

• multiplication

• division

Example:

let a = 8;
let b = 4;

console.log(a + b);
console.log(a - b);
console.log(a * b);
console.log(a / b);

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2 Compare Values

Use both == and ===.

Example:

console.log(5 == "5");
console.log(5 === "5");

Observe the difference.

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3 Write a Logical Condition

Example:

let age = 20;
let hasTicket = true;

if (age >= 18 && hasTicket) {
  console.log("You can enter");
}

Explain which logical operator you used and why.